Posts tagged land
ParFlow - Parallel Watershed Flow Model
- 12 December 2024
ParFlow is a parallel, integrated hydrology model that simulates spatially distributed surface and subsurface flow, as well as land surface processes including evapotranspiration and snow. It solves saturated and variably saturated flow in three dimensions using either an orthogonal or terrain-following, semi-structured mesh that enables fine vertical resolution near the land surface and deep (~1 km) confined and unconfined aquifers. ParFlow models dynamic surface and subsurface flow solving the simplified shallow water equations implicitly coupled to Richards’ equation; this allows for dynamic two-way groundwater surface water interactions and intermittency in streamflow. The model uses robust linear and nonlinear solution techniques and exhibits efficient parallel scaling to large processor counts, more than 100K cores, enabling very large extent simulations with fine spatial resolution. ParFlow has been coupled to various land surface and atmospheric models such as CLM, WRF, and TerrSysMP.
QUINCY - Quantifying the effects of interacting nutrient cycles
- 28 November 2024
QUINCY is a state-of-the-art terrestrial biosphere model with fully coupled carbon, nitrogen, water, phosphorus and energy cycles. The objective of QUINCY is to clarify the role of the interacting terrestrial nitrogen and phosphorus cycles and their effects on terrestrial C allocation and residence times as well as terrestrial water fluxes.
WaterGAP (Water Global Assessment and Prognosis)
- 06 June 2024
WaterGAP is a global hydrological model that quantifies human use of groundwater and surface water as well as water flows and water storage and thus water re- sources on all land areas of the Earth. Since 1996, it has served to assess water resources and water stress both historically and in the future. It has been used in multiple studies on climate change impacts and drought and includes an advanced estimation of groundwater recharge. WaterGAP simulations regularly contribute to ISIMIP simulation rounds.
VILMA (Viscoelastic Lithosphere and Mantle model)
- 29 May 2024
Volker Klemann and Maik Thomas
The topic of spectral finite-element code VILMA is the reduction of global GRACE, GPS and altimetry data with respect to the glacial-isostatic adjustment applying a 3D viscoelastic earth model. The model calculates the deformation of a viscoelastic and gravitating continuum in spherical domain, where lateral viscosity variations can be considered. Loading is prescribed as ice and ocean mass changes, which are determined consistently with respect to mass conservation, geoid changes and shoreline displacements by the sea-level equation. Code solves field equations of a spherical self-gravitating incompressible 3D-viscoelastic sphere with spectral–finite elements (Martinec 2000). GRD, that is rotational feedback and sea-level equation are solved for (Klemann et al. 2024 in prep.). Output are time-dependent changes in sea level, surface deformation and gravity potential in response to surface mass distribution. It is already coupled offline to PISM (Albrecht et al. 2024 in revision), MPI-ESM and AWI ESM and as compiled module in CLIMBER-X (Willeit et al. 2022). Offline coupling is implemented as exchange of two fields (in: ice load distribution; out: relative sea level).
JSBACH (Jena Scheme for Biosphere-Atmosphere Coupling in Hamburg)
- 23 May 2024
Historically, JSBACH grew out of ECHAM5 by collecting all land processes into a separate land component – then called JSBACH – accessed from ECHAM each time step via a single subroutine call. Accordingly, JSBACH inherits all the land processes originally present in ECHAM5, in particular the way the surface energy balance is solved, and how the land processes are coupled to the atmosphere.
COSIPY - COupled Snowpack and Ice surface energy and mass balance model in PYthon (COSIPY)
- 21 May 2024
COSIPY is a flexible and user friendly coupled snowpack and ice surface energy and mass balance model written in Python. COSIPY is based on COSIMA, a ‘COupled Snowpack and Ice surface energy and MAss balance model’, translating the code into Python, and developing further the initial concepts. It combines a surface energy balance (SEB) with a multi-layer subsurface snow and ice model to compute the glacier mass balance (MB). The calculated surface melt water serves as input for the subsurface model. The two models are directly coupled in order to account for melt water percolation, retention and refreezing within the snow pack under consideration of latent heat release and resulting subsurface melt as well as the effects on subsurface temperature, snow density and ground heat flux. All subsurface processes are resolved in a vertical layer structure. COSIPY consists of several modules for solving the heat equation, calculating percolation and refreezing and calculating densification. The modular model setup allows replacing single parameterizations.
AgroC
- 21 May 2024
AgroC is a 1-d model of water, energy and matter fluxes in agricultural systems operating at hourly or daily time steps, accounting for organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus turnover and soil mineral nitrogen and phosphorus pools. The SoilCO2/RothC model (Herbst et al., 2008; Simunek et al., 1993) was extended with the dynamic plant growth module SUCROS (Spitters et al., 1988). Combining those subroutines allows for a closed carbon balance of cropped ecosystems at an hourly or daily time step. The model explicitly accounts for soil carbon turnover, soil CO2 flux, plant water stress, nutrient stress and organ-specific carbon allocation. Standard crop input parameters exist for cereals, sugar beet, maize, potato and grassland. It was successfully validated for various sites and crops (Klosterhalfen et al., 2017) and the latest implementations comprise soil nitrous gas emissions. AgroC has been applied to simulate the water stress dependent within-field variability of carbon fluxes (Herbst et al., 2021), to model variability of leaf are index and yield at the 1km2 scale (Brogi et al., 2020; Brogi et al., 2021) and it was part of a large crop model intercomparison study (Groh et al., 2020; Groh et al., 2022). Classical agronomical applications are documented for maize (Zydelis et al., 2018) and hemp (Zydelis et al., 2022). Future scenarios of maize cropping under climate change were investigated with AgroC by Zydelis et al., (2021). A quite unique feature of this model is the estimation of leaf-level solar induced fluorescence in dependence of water stress (DeCanniere et al., 2021).
SIMPLACE
- 16 May 2024
The SIMPLACE system is a modelling framework as FOSS (Free and Open Source System) for dynamic agricultural modelling. It integrates components for grassland, 26 main crops, soil-climate interaction, livestock, etc. For model users there is a GUI, for advanced model developpers a IDE to work with SIMPLACE and the included Model Units.
HD Model (Hydrological Discharge Model)
- 16 May 2024
The Hydrological Discharge (HD) model calculates the lateral transport of water over the land surface to simulate discharge into the oceans. It has been validated and applied in many studies since the publication of its original global 0.5° version (Hagemann and Dümenil 1998; Hagemann and Dümenil Gates 2001). Hagemann et al. 2020 developed a high-resolution version that can be applied globally at a 5 Min. (~8-9 km) resolution. This HD version was applied and validated over Europe. The HD model has been coupled to several global and regional Earth System Models. It separates the lateral water flow into the three flow processes of overland flow, baseflow, and riverflow. Overland flow and baseflow represent the fast and slow lateral flow processes within a grid box, while riverflow represents the lateral flow between grid boxes. The HD model requires gridded fields of surface and subsurface runoff as input for overland flow and baseflow, respectively, with a temporal resolution of one day or higher.
GLUES (Global Land Use and technological Evolution Simulator)
- 16 May 2024
The Global Land Use and technological Evolution Simulator (GLUES) is an Earth system component of land use intensity and demography. GLUES mathematically resolves the dynamics of local human populations´ density and characteristic sociocultural traits in the context of a changing biogeographical environment. A local sociocultural coevolution is described by changes in mean population density, technology, share of agropastoral activities, and economic diversity, within a simulation region of approximately country-size extent. Each local population utilises its regional resources, which are describey by vegetation productivity and climatic constraints. Each local population interacts with its geographical neighbours via trade and migration.
SERGHEI
- 14 May 2024
The Simulation EnviRonment for Geomorphology, Hydrodynamics, and Ecohydrology in Integrated form is a multi-dimensional, multi-domain, and multi-physics model framework for environmental and landscape simulation.
Core Components
- 28 June 2023
The core components of the future natESM system will comprise models for atmosphere, ocean, and land.